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Home Technical Summary What the project is about Relevance Ecological Agriculture in the Middle East Cooperation Working together in a troubled region Sustainability Water-saving crops of the future Technical Objectives See the plants Evaluation How the plants are doing Project Map See the sites Format Where and how Current Status Project timeline Buy Dr. Elaine Solowey's latest book ![]() "Small Steps Towards Abundance: Crops for a More Sustainable Agriculture" on Amazon.com, or from the publisher. |
Observation germplasm These are hardy plants suitable for arid and saline lands. Some of them are local indigenous species. Others have been introduced as ornamental plants. Still others are relatively unknown so little is known of their problems and potential. A few plants of each species are included in the MERC plantings. Species which show promise may be upgraded into the list of alternative cultivars. Current Observation Species Eucalyptus camaldulensis, The Blue Gum Tree A tall, vigorous and salt tolerant eucalyptus esteemed for medicinal properties of leaves and sap and the usefulness of poles cut from mature trees. Balnaities aegypticus, The Balm Tree A local indigenous species native to sandy washes in southern Israel, western Jordan and the Sinai desert with a leathery trunk and leaves and a sticky date-like fruit which can be boiled and eaten or made into a fermented beverage. It is also the source of "balm" or a healing sap with curative properties. Zisiphus spinochristii, the indigenous zisiphus species of the Rift, sometimes called the Domim Tree by Israelis, hardy, thorny and water thrifty with a reddish sweet fruit. Zisiphus abyssinica, the endemic zisiphus species of the arid areas of the Horn of Africa, the fruit is small brownish and slightly astringent. Santalum acuminatum, The Quandong, native to the southern part of the Australian continent, a tall slender tree with long leaves and an acerola-flavored bright red fruit that resembles a "live Xmas tree ornament", much esteemed for making kamaradin, jellies jams and pies. Vitex payos, The "chocolate berry", of the SADC region of Africa. A tree with round leather-like leaves and fruits which resemble black olives. The strong smelling fruits are surprisingly pleasant to the taste, something like crumbled chocolate. Berchemia discolor, The Birdplum, a small raisin-like fruit on a tree with dense soft foliage. The tree is very tolerant of heat and salt though not particularly cold hardy. Pappea capensis. The jacket plum, a bright, tart berry in a hardened jacket-like calyx which grows on a tall attractive tree, described as "a Macademia the size of an oak." Vangueria infausta, The wild medlar, a fig-like mealy fruit which grows on a large bush with felt-like pale green leaves, hairy on the undersides. Grows better in the shade of larger species. Termenalia sp. Mystery almonds, Sechellye almonds, these trees resemble the Indian almond Termanalia cattappa with interesting differences minor in fruit and foliage. Flacortia indica, The Governor Plum, a round plum-like fruit red and red purple on a small bushy tree with heart-shaped, shiny leaves. Salt and heat tolerant inclined to lose leaves when temperature drop below 10 degrees C. though it does not become completely dormant.
Catha edulis , Small bright green tree with slightly fleshy bitter leaves, The leaves are chewed recreationally all over Arabia and Northeast Africa, also by some Jews of Yemenite descent in Israel. Users of fresh "Khat" leaves experience a feeling of well being, pain relief, relaxation and sociability. Some countries have banned the chewing of the fresh leaf. Dried Catha edulis is an important medicinal with anti infective, anti- aging qualities. A mild tea made of the leaves lowers blood pressure and reduces swelling in the mouth. Poultices of khat leaves have a curative effect on wounds. Moringa oleoides, The Salad Tree, an African tree of considerable beauty with edible foliage, medicinal bark and roots. The tree has tropical nature but does well in arid and saline areas if irrigated. It is a favorite of insects and wildlife and can be damaged when young by grazing wildlife.
Azanaza garckeana . African chewing gum, also known as the "snot apple", a tree with a dark trunk, attractive broad, angular leaves resembling the leave of the mallow but bigger and lighter in color and a fruit the center of which is a sticky jelly like substance which can be chewed like gum and has a sweet/tart refreshing flavor. Very tolerant of heat and salt though it seems to develop faster if planted in the shade of other trees. |
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No part of the contents herein may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. For more information on this project, contact Dr. Solowey elaine@desertagriculture.org |
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